Hatari User's Manual

Version 0.80

Project initiator and main developer of Hatari: Thomas Huth
Manual written by: Matthias Arndt

Hatari on the WWW: http://hatari.sourceforge.net/

Index

Introduction

General description

Hatari is an Atari ST emulator for Linux, FreeBSD, BeOS and other Systems which are supported by the SDL library. The emulator is open source software and is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

The Atari ST was a 16/32 bit computer system which was first released by Atari in 1985. Using the Motorola 68000 CPU, it was a very popular computer having quite a lot of CPU power at that time. See Appendix B for details on emulation in general.

Unlike many other Atari ST emulators which try to give you a good environment for running GEM applications, Hatari tries to emulate the hardware of a ST as close as possible so that it is able to run most of the old ST games and demos. Of course you can run normal GEM applications with Hatari, too.

Features

Experimental STE hardware emulation:

STE emulation is still considered as instable, but if you dare to use it, there is support for most of the enhanced STE features:

At the time of this writing there is neither a complete MMU emulation nor support for TT or Falcon specific features.

System requirements

Hatari currently has the following system requirements:

Certain versions of Hatari have successfully been tested by various people on the following systems:

Compiling and running

Compiling Hatari

First, you need the SDL library, you can get it at: http://www.libsdl.org/. Most distributions already ship a suitable version. Make sure to install the appropriate header files as well often called "libsdl-dev" or the like.

Second, you need the zLib compression library. You can get it from http://www.gzip.org/zlib/ but the version shipped with your distribution will be sufficient in most cases. Make sure to have the header files for it installed as well.

Of course, you need the GNU C compiler and (GNU) Make, too!

Change to the hatari/ directory and adapt the configuration file Makefile.cnf to suite your system. Alternatively, you can use the supplied configure script to auto-detect all parameters (type " ./configure --help" to see the options of the script). Don't forget to use some good CFLAGS for the compiler optimizations, e.g. run configure in the following way:

CFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer" ./configure

Then compile Hatari by typing make. If all works fine, you'll get the executable hatari in the src/ subdirectory.

Installation of a TOS ROM

Then you'll have to copy a TOS ROM to the data directory (the data directory is specified in the configuration file Makefile.cnf) and rename it to tos.img, or use the --tos command line option to tell Hatari where to find a TOS ROM. Hatari needs a TOS ROM image because this contains the operating system of the emulated Atari.

Sorry, it is not possible to ship an original ROM image with the Hatari package since these images are still copyrighted. But you can easily create an image with a real ST and one of those various ROM-image programs for the ST (search for "TOSDUMP" with your favourite internet search engine). If your old ST does not work anymore, you can also try to search the internet directly for corresponding TOS ROM image, but don't ask the Hatari team where to get one.

Another solution is EmuTOS, which is also shipped with the official release versions of Hatari. EmuTOS is an open-source TOS clone. You can find it at: http://emutos.sourceforge.net/. It is not the best solution for playing games or running other old software due to compatibility issues, but it's free and compatible with Hatari.

If you do not specify a TOS image on the commandline nor can Hatari find a suitable TOS image in the default dir, you'll get the chance to select a TOS image file from the GUI.

Installation of the binary

Type make install as root to do a systemwide installation. In this case it is recommended to set the DATADIR variable in Makefile.cnf to a proper value. /usr/local/share/hatari is a good value in that case.

The Hatari executable should now be in your PATH and accessible from anywhere.

When you finally have got a TOS image, try starting Hatari with the option --help to find out more about its command line parameters.

Running Hatari for the first time

Now type hatari to run the emulator for the first time. If all goes well, you should now be presented with a window showing you the familiar little green desktop of the Atari ST. Press F12 to turn on the GUI to configure Hatari to suit your needs, press F11 to toggle windowed and fullscreen mode.

Command line options

Hatari ofcourse understands several command line options.

Type hatari --help to list them all.

The command line options in detail are as follows (in brackets the long version):

Option Purpose
-h (--help) prints command line options and terminates
-v (--version) prints version information and terminates
-m (--mono) starts the emulated Atari ST in monochrome resolution
-f (--fullscreen) tries to use a fullscreen mode
--window forces Hatari to use a windowed mode
-j (--joystick) activates joystick emulation via cursor keys
--nosound disables sound (makes emulation faster)
--frameskip drops every second frame (accelerates emulation)
-D (--debug) activates the simple builtin debugger
--slowfdc slows down FDC emulation (needed to make some games and demos work)
-d <dir> (--harddrive <dir>) emulates <dir> as a hard disk
--hdimage <imagefile> emulate hard disk with an image file
--cartridge <imagefile>
sets imagefile as the cartridge on the ROM port
This currently does not work together with GEMDOS hard disk emulation!
--tos <imagefile> specify TOS ROM image to use
--memsize x set amount of emulated RAM
x=0 for 512K, x=1,x=2 or x=4 for 1,2 or 4 MB
--cpulevel x specify CPU (680x0) to use (works on TOS 2.06 only!!)
--compatible use a more compatible but slower 68000 CPU mode
--blitter enable blitter emulation (for ST mode only)
--vdi use extended VDI resolution
--printer enable experimental printer support
--midi <filename> enable experimental MIDI output to the mentioned file
--rs232 <filename> enable experimental RS232 communication via the mentioned file
-c <filename> (--configfile) Use the mentioned file as configuration file instead of ~/.hatari.cfg
--machine <x> Select machine type (x = st or ste)

Using the emulated system

Once you've started Hatari succesfully, you can use the emulator as an allmost complete Atari ST computer system.

The GUI

Press F12 to enter the GUI. Navigate it with the mouse. The GUI is rather self explanatory.

The Main Menu

Hatari's GUI - the main menu

From the main menu, you can reach the other setup dialogs by clicking on the appropriate buttons.

You can load the current settings from a configuration file by clicking on the Load config button and you can save the current settings to a configuration file with the Save config button.

Click Okay to go back to the emulated ST. All changed options will be applied.

Check the Reset ST option if you want the emulated ST to perform a cold reset. This is equal to switching the power off and on again on a real ST.

Click Quit to terminate Hatari and return to the host OS.

Click Cancel to abandon any changes that you have made.

The System Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the system dialog

Select the CPU type to use here. For best Atari ST compatibility choose a plain 68000.

Choose whether you want to emulate a normal ST or an STE. Note: STE emulation is very incomplete. It may not work very well.

For STE emulation a STE compatible TOS image, e.q. version 1.06, 1.62 or 2.x, is strongly recommended.

Select the CPU clock you want to use. 8Mhz is ST standard and the most compatible, 16MHz is for Mega STE emulation.

With the "Slower but more compatible CPU" option, you can enable the emulation of 68k address errors and the CPU prefetch buffer. This is needed for best compatibility, but it slows down emulation a little bit so you can disable it if you don't need it.

You can also enable/disable Blitter emulation here. The Blitter is a custom chip that accelerates some graphical operations. This switch only toggles the Blitter in plain ST mode. In STE mode, the Blitter is always enabled (since all STEs have been sold with a Blitter chip).

If you enable the "Real time clock emulation" switch, a RTC will be emulated based on the time of the host computer. Note that you need at least TOS 1.02 for proper RTC emulation, TOS 1.00 does not support this.

The Timer-D patch changes the Timer-D initialization from TOS. TOS uses the MFP timer D as a baudrate generator for RS232. However, the TOS default value slows down the emulation. The patch gives you a better performance. It is normally save to enable the patch, but if you encounter a program that does not work, you can try to disable the patch to see if it works then.

Select if you want to use slow FDC emulation. Slow is more compatible esp. with games and demos that use custom loaders.

NOTE: These parameters are very sensitive to the emulated ST and it is strongly recommended to reset the emulated ST after changing these options.

The Disks Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the disks dialog

Use the upper dialog to choose which floppy disks should be emulated in the disk drives.

You can use most standard Atari ST disk image files. See the chapter "Floppy disk images" for details.

Click on the button Browse next to the A: and B: option to go to the fileselector. You may select and browse zipped disk images as well.

The fileselector looks like this:

Hatari's GUI - the fileselector

Click on Eject to eject a disk image from the emulated drive. The emulated ST will act as if had no floppy disk in its drive.

You can specify a default directory where Hatari will start to browse the filesystem.

Check the "Auto insert B" option if you want Hatari to be smart and insert the second disk of a two disk game automatically. This option will insert the second disk in drive B and some games may not be able to find the disks there. In that rare case you will need to insert the second disk manually when prompted.

NOTE: This option does not always work properly.

If you need to create a new blank disk image, click on Create disk image. Parameters for the new image can be set in the following dialog. Click on create to create the image or on back to get back to the disk dialog.

After clicking create, a fileselector appears. You can browse the filesystem now. Select the target directory, click beside File: and type in a name for the new disk image. The name should terminate with .st or .msa.

Hatari can currently create plain .ST and .MSA disk images exclusively.

You can choose if you want Hatari to writeprotect your disks. Atari ST virii can spread on disk images too so it is ok to enable the write protection option. However you can't save highscores or games to your disk images then.

Use the lower dialog to change the harddisk settings.

You can select a harddrive image for harddrive emulation via image file here or you may select a directory of your local filesystem to be emulated as the ST's harddrive.

Check "Boot from HD" if you want Hatari to execute the AUTO folder on the harddrive. This option is checked by default if you specify a harddrive image or a directory via the command line.

The Memory Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the memory dialog

You can select the amount of RAM for the emulated ST here. Only amounts that were valid on a real unmodified STFM can be selected.

Note: This option is critical and you are strongly advised to reset the emulated ST when changing this option.

Here you will find the options to save memory snapshots as well.

Click on Save to save a memory snapshot to file. You can select a new filename here.

Click on Restore to restore a memory snapshot from a file. Use the fileselector to select the snapshot to be restored.

NOTE: Memory snapshots are not interchangeable between different versions of Hatari. E.q. if you compile a newer Hatari, you cannot load your old memory snapshots back.

The ROM Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the ROM dialog

Here you can select the TOS image to use. Click on Browse to select it via the fileselector. You can also select an optional cartridge image to use. Click on Browse to select one via the fileselector. Click on Eject to disconnect the custom cartridge image.

Keep in mind that any custom cartridge image will not work together with GEMDOS hard disk emulation or the VDI extended resolution emulation since some additional driver code will be used in the cartridge memory space for these emulations.

Note: These options are critical and you are strongly advised to reset the emulated ST when changing one of these option.

The Joystick Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the joystick dialog

In this dialog, you can configure the emulated joysticks. With the upper two arrows, you can choose the joystick which you want to configure.

Joystick 1 is the normal ST joystick port and 99.9% of all ST games use this port. Joystick 0 emulates a joystick plugged into the ST mouse port and is often used in games for two players.

With STE joypad A and B, you can enable the emulation of Jaguar joypads which are plugged in the enhanced joystick ports of the Atari STE. Only very few STE games support these joypads, so you often won't need this.

Finally, Hatari also emulates joysticks which were plugged on the parallel port with a special adapter on a real ST. These were used in some few multi-player games like "Gauntlet 2".

For each ST joystick, choose whether you want to disable it, use the keyboard for emulation or use a real PC joystick.

For keyboard emulation, you can select the keys by pressing the Define keys button. You will be prompted to press the keys for up, down, left, right and fire.

If you want to use a real PC joystick for the emulation, you should connect it to your PC before you start Hatari. Then you can choose the joystick with the two lower arrows.

Check the "Enable autofire" option if you are too lazy to pound on the fire button in shoot'em-up games. However, this option only works with certain games. In some other games, it gets worse if you enable this option.

See also the chapter "Emulated Joystick" for details.

The Screen Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the screen dialog

Here you control the video output of the emulated ST.

Check "Fullscreen" to run Hatari fullscreen, default is windowed.

Check "Interleaved mode" if you wish to have that old TV feeling in Hatari. Every second line will be black. This will only work in ST-MEDIUM or ST-LOW in scaled up resolutions.

Check "Frame Skip" to speed Hatari up if emulation is too slow. This will only draw every second ST frame instead of the default of drawing every ST frame. Uncheck if you have a fast PC.

Check "Use Borders" if you wish to have the borders around the ST screen.

"Force 8Bpp" will force SDL to use an 8bit video mode. You don't need this for modern video cards.

You can select which sort of monitor to use. Check "Color" for games and demos. If you check "Mono" here, Hatari will emulate the good old SM124 and will not allow you to switch to color modes from the running ST. This toggle acts like a monitor switch with a color and monochrome monitor connected.

"Zoom ST-Low res." will control if Hatari renders ST-LOW to a 320x200 or 640x400 PC display (with borders turned off) or 384x267 or 768x534. Basically select this to toggle between a small or a large window.

Extended GEM resolutions will emulate some sort of extended graphics card in the emulated ST giving you larger resolutions and a higher colordepth in GEM. Select a resolution and color depth. Check to activate. It will disable all other video options mentioned above. Uncheck to get back to a normal ST behaviour.
Note: Using an extended resolution will only work with GEM conformant applications. 99% of all games and demos will not run if you activate any extended resolution here.

Click Capture Screen to create a screenshot in .BMP format to the current working directory or click Record Animation to record a sequence of single screenshots. You can opt to only record new movie frames when the screen content really changed.

The Keyboard Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the keyboard dialog

Here you can select the keyboard mapping to use. Two different mappings called "Symbolic" and "Scancode" are predefined.

"Symbolic" tries to map the symbolic values of your PC keys to the ST keys. It should be working pretty good on all systems as long as your keyboard layout looks close to the standard english keyboard layout. However, you might experience some problems with special keys like brackets etc.

"Scancode" uses the scancode values of your PC keys for keyboard mapping. This only works on certain architectures like Linux where the scancodes are similar to the ST scancodes (e.g. it does not work on Mac OS X). If it works on your system, this often gives better results than the symbolic mapping. Note that you also need a TOS version with the right language (e.g. use a French TOS if you are using a French keyboard).

You can also load a custom keyboard mapping file here if you wish. Please note that the custom keyboard mapping will use the "symbolic" mapping for all keys that are not defined by your map file. Have a look at the supplied example mapfile to see how to create your own keyboard mapping.

The Sound Dialog

Hatari's GUI - the sound dialog

Here you can control the sound subsystem.

Check if you want emulated sound at all. Emulation is faster if sound emulation is turned off.

3 frequencies from low to high quality are available. Experiment a little bit to find out which fits best for your setup. Medium quality will work ok in most cases.

You can select to record a piece of sound here. Check which format to use and click the button. It is a toggle button so you will need to return to the GUI to switch sound recording off again.

The Devices Dialog

Check here if you want to enable experimental printer support. See the chapter "Emulated printer" for details.

Hatari's GUI - the device dialog

As Hatari currently only supports printing to file, click on Select to select the file to print to. You can enter a new filename as well.

NOTE: As the printer emulation is not perfect yet, activated printer support may interfere with the emulated sound. This is due to the fact that the Atari ST uses some general I/O ports of the soundchip for the printer port. The Hatari team suggests to disable printing while using games and demos.

Check the second checkmark if you want to enable experimental RS232 support. The RS232 device is configured according to the settings of the emulated RS232 of the Atari ST. This means Hatari will automatically use baudrate and handshaking as configured for the emulated ST.

Select a suitable device file for input and output. Click on Browse to select. A good choice is /dev/ttyS0 or /dev/ttyS1.

You can enable MIDI as well. This currently works for outputting MIDI data only. A good choice is /dev/midi00.

Click on Browse to select a suitable MIDI device file for output.

Your sound driver must support MIDI to make this work.

NOTE: RS232 and MIDI emulation are very experimental, too. Don't enable them unless you really need them!

Keyboard shortcuts

While the emulator is running, you can activate or toggle various features via the following keyboard shortcuts.

Shortcut Purpose
ALTGR+a record animation
ALTGR+g grabs a screenshot
ALTGR+i boss key: leave full screen mode and iconify window
ALTGR+j activates joystick emulation via cursor keys
ALTGR+m (un-)locks the mouse into the window
ALTGR+r (warm) reset the ST
ALTGR+c coldreset the ST (same as the original power switch)
ALTGR+s enable/disable sound
ALTGR+q quit the emulator
ALTGR+x toggle normal/max speed
ALTGR+y enable/disable sound recording
ALTGR+f or F11 toggles fullscreen and windowed mode
ALTGR+o or F12 activate the GUI
PAUSE will go to the debugger if Hatari was started with the -D option

Emulated Atari ST keyboard

All other keys on the keyboard act as the normal Atari ST keys so pressing SPACE on your PC will result in an emulated press of the SPACE key on the ST. The following keys have special meanings:

Key Meaning
Alt will act as the ST's ALTERNATE key
left CTRL will act as the ST's CONTROL key
Print Screen will emulate the ST's HELP key
Scroll Lock will emulate the ST's UNDO key
Page Up will emulate the ST's ( key in the keypad
Page Down will emulate the ST's ) in the keypad

The right CTRL key is used by default as the fire button of the emulated joystick when you turn on joystick emulation via keyboard.

The cursor keys will be used by default as the emulated ST joystick, unless you are using joystick emulation via a real joystick or have disabled joystick emulation completely. Then the cursor keys will act as the cursor keys of the emulated Atari ST, of course.

Emulated mouse

For obvious reasons your PC mouse will act as the emulated Atari ST mouse. In fullscreen mode it will act as expected, directly controlling the ST mouse pointer.

However it is a little bit different in windowed mode. To make the mouse work there as expected you need to grab it first or lock it into the Hatari window. Do this by pressing the ALTGR+m hotkey combination. Press it again to go back to normal mouse behaviour which allows you to work in other X11 windows while Hatari is up and running.

Emulated joystick

The Atari ST joysticks are emulated ofcourse allowing you to play your favourite games with Hatari.

The default mode is to use a connected PC joystick. You can use any joystick that is supported by your kernel. If your joystick works with other applications, it will likely work with Hatari as well. Make sure it is calibrated and then off you go. Move the stick to point into the desired direction. Please note that Hatari will not detect analogue movement as the Atari ST only had digital joysticks. The first firebutton will act as the normal firebutton on the Atari ST while the second firebutton will emulate a keypress of the SPACE key on the ST as many ST games utilitze the SPACE bar for secondary game functions. (Xenon for example)

If you do not have a PC joystick or joypad, then you do not need to desperate. You can emulate one of the two Atari ST joysticks via the cursor keys. Just activate it in the GUI. Then the cursor keys will act as the joystick directions, the right CTRL key will act as the firebutton. You can still use the cursor keys as the ST's cursorkeys in this mode as long as you press SHIFT along with the cursorkeys.

Emulated video

Hatari by default only handles ST modes, ST-LOW, ST-MED and ST-HIGH.

Overscan effects and socalled "Border Removal" are possible too.

Due to the fact that these effects are achieved by using quirks and glitches in the original chips to do things beyond their specification emulation is a bit tricky for these and not all ST applications utilizing these techniques will work properly in Hatari. Especially socalled "Sync Scrolling", a special technique to emulate the low byte of the video address, currently does not work properly in Hatari.

Beside that you can setup extended VDI modes. These only work with GEM-compliant applications and they are equal to fitting a videocard into your Mega ST.

Make sure to disable extended VDI modes for playing games as 99% of all ST games will not be able to make use of higher resolutions.

Emulated printer

Due to the fact that printer handling is very different between Unix style machines and the Atari ST, emulation of the printer is achieved by writing all printer output to a file.

The file will contain a sequence of data, the same that would appear on the data pins of the Atari ST printer port. That would include control characters and commands for graphic printing. Clicking "Print desktop" on the GEM desktop would result in a messy data dump in the printer output.

Printer emulation works best for plain text files or programs that do not format the output for a specific printer. The file contents can be used with your favourite text editor for further processing and printing to a real printer.

To get real direct printing out of Hatari on a PostScript printer, you may set up a GDOS printer with a PostScript driver on the emulated Atari and set your printer device file as Hatari's printer output.
NOTE: This has not been tested yet and the Hatari team cannot guarantee that it will work.

Emulated RS232

Serial communications in Hatari is designed to directly use a serial port on your PC.

Communications parameters are set automatically upon the settings of the emulated ST. This means all you do is to set the communication parameters like baudrate from your ST communications software. Hatari will do the rest and handle the serial input and output for you.

Floppy disk images

Hatari does not use floppy disks directly but disk images due to differences between the floppy disk controllers of the ST and the PC. Three types of disk images are currently supported: The raw "ST" type, the similar "DIM" type and the compressed "MSA" (Magic-Shadow-Archiver) type.

The raw type (file suffix should be "*.st") is simply a sector by sector image of a real floppy disk. You can easily create such an image with the dd program which should normally be pre-installed on every Unix-like system. Simply type something like dd if=/dev/fd0 of=myimage.st to create a disk image. Of course you need access to /dev/fd0, and depending on your system and the type of floppy disk you might have to use another device name here (for example I use /dev/fd0u720 for 720kB disks). However, if the disk is copy-protected or doesn't use a MSDOS compatible file system, this might fail. So be very careful if you're not sure about the disk format.

The other possibility is to image the disk on a real Atari ST. There are programs like the Magic Shadow Archiver for this task. Hatari supports this slightly compressed MSA disk images, too. Note that Hatari only supports the "old" MSA format, there are some Magic Shadow Archiver clones (like Jay-MSA) that create better compressed but Hatari-incompatible disk images. However, if you have got such a MSA disk and want to use it with Hatari, you can still run the corresponding MSA program within Hatari to extract the incompatible disk image to a normal floppy disk image.

While *.ST and *.MSA are more or less the "standard" types of Atari disk images, you might sometimes also find STT or ADF images on the internet. These currently do not work with Hatari.

Hatari can now also utilize *.DIM images just as *.ST ones without any problems. Note that DIM images are nearly the same as the raw ST images (they only have an additional 32 bytes header), so you can easily transform the DIM images into ST images by stripping the header from the files. For example try something like: dd if=input.dim of=output.st bs=32 skip=1

If you've got a disk image that has been created with the old ST emulator PaCifiST (for DOS) or with early versions of the program Makedisk, and the disk image does not work with Hatari, then the disk probably suffers from the "PaCifiST bootsector bug" (Hatari will display a warning message then). In this case, the bootsector of the disk contains some illegal data, so that the disk even does not work on a real ST any more. However, if it is a .ST and not a .MSA disk, you can easily fix it by using a hex-editor to change the byte at offset $D (13) from 0 to 1 (don't forget to backup your disk image first, since you can also easily destroy your disk image when changing a wrong byte there). If the disk contains a bootsector program, you probably have to adjust the boot sector check sum, too (it can be found at offset $1FE + $1FF).

Hatari supports disk images that are compressed with (Pk-)ZIP (file suffix must be ".zip") or GZip (file suffix must be ".st.gz" or ".msa.gz"), so you can archive your disk images into zip archives. You can also directly run the zip archives you may download from the net as long as the archive contains a disk image in .ST or .MSA format.

Note: Hatari does not save disk images back to *.ZIP files so your highscores and savegames are lost if you load the game from such a zipped disk image.

Hard disk support

Hatari supports two ways of emulating a ST hard drive: The low-level ACSI hard disk emulation and a GEMDOS based drive emulation.

To use the ACSI hard disk emulation, you need a hard disk image file with a pre-installed HD driver in it. So either try to image your old ST hard disk or grab one from the internet. There is a HD image on the Hatari web page for download. Perhaps we'll also provide a tool for creating HD images one day.

With the GEMDOS based drive emulation, you can easily "mount" a folder from the host file system to a drive of the emulated Atari. To use the GEMDOS based drive emulation, you should use a folder on your hard disk that only contains files and folders with valid TOS filenames. That means that all files/folders should be written in capital letters and their length mustn't exceed the 8+3 file name length limit. If you don't want to rename all files to get capital letters, it is also possible to store that folder on a FAT filesystem since those filesystems are case-insensitive.

GEMDOS drive emulation is an easy way to share files between the host system and the emulated Atari, but it is known to be incomplete and a little bit unstable, especially if you use it together with the ACSI hard disk emulation. So if your programs complain that they could not find/read/write files on the GEMDOS HD drive, you should try to copy them to a floppy disk image or a real hard disk image!

Due to the way the GEMDOS drive emulation is implemented at the moment, it is not possible to use a cartridge image together with GEMDOS drive emulation.

Note that changing the HD-image or the GEMDOS HD-folder will reset the emulated Atari since it is not possible to switch the hard disk while the emulator is running.

May the fun without the price to be with you ;-) !

Appendix

Copying

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA

The GNU Project and the Free Software Foundation | The GNU General Public License

Introduction to Emulation

Emulation via software is an art and Hatari is an example of this.

Emulation is to make a computer behave like a (probably) completely different machine on the lowest possible niveau. This includes CPU and custom chip emulation allowing software written for the emulated machine to be run without notice. A good emulator will run most of the software intended for the emulated platform without trouble.

The key to emulation is to simply do those things with a software program, the emulator, that normally chips would perform. So you have an CPU emulator that basically consists of a large loop that does exactly what the real thing would do:

The typical von-Neumann CPU can be emulated very fast, stable and error-free using such a simple loop system.

But in most cases the CPU emulation is the simplest part. Correct emulation of the various custom chips and hardware parts of the emulated system is much trickier.

Software compatibility list

This is a little compilation of what Atari software does work in Hatari. It is by no means finished.

First is listed software (games, demos and applications) that work on normal STs, after them is listed STE only software that has been tested with the current STE hardware emulation.

ST games

tested games
Game Working Sound Comment
Eliminator yes perfect  
Speedball yes perfect  
Xenon yes music ok - fx dodgy bullets and explosions sound weired
Bubble Bobble yes    
F15 Strike Eagle 2 yes ok keyboard emulation seems to be dodgy
Rick Dangerous yes perfect  
Slayer yes ok raster fx at highscore entry dodgy
Lethal Xcess no   crashes while loading, sync scrolling will not work properly
Star Goose yes music ok - bullet sound dodgy  
Xenon 2 - Megablast yes nearly perfect (including sampled intro)  
Metal Mutant yes seems ok some color effects in the lower screen seem buggy
Defenders Of The Earth yes    
Nebulus yes music ok; snowball, balls and trapdoors dodgy otherwise working to a playable extend
Leander yes    
Navy Seals yes    
Armalyte yes    
Wings Of Death yes   works in STE mode too
Toki yes    
Alien World yes   Only works with "--slowfdc"
Skweek yes   Does not work with cartridge / HD emulation

ST demos

tested demos
Demo Working Sound Comment
Fantasia (by Dune) yes   Only works with "--slowfdc"
Oddstuff (by Dune/SectorOne) yes   Only works with "--slowfdc". Enable "frameskip" to avoid the flicker.
If pigs could fly (by Syndicate) yes   Only works with "--slowfdc"
LongScreen (by X-Troll) yes   Only works with "--slowfdc"
Overdose (by Aggression) yes   Does not work with cartridge / HD emulation
Virtual Escape (by Equinox) yes    
Posh (by Checkpoint) yes    
Flipo (by Oxygene) yes    
Syntax Terror (by DeltaForce) yes    
Sweety (by DHS) yes   Does not work with HD emulation
B.I.G-demo (musicdemo by Exceptions) partially   Flickers and colors in 3 of the screens don't look right
SoWatt (by CareBears) partially   Colors and scrolling in the main menu are broken
Punish your machine partially   Colors and scrolling in the main menu are broken
Froggies over the Fence
Oh no more Froggies
No   Stop when the main menu loads

ST applications

tested applications
Application Working Comment
Programming
DevPac 2.2 yes MonST crashy
Turbo Assembler yes Due to a bug you need to have a proper disk image inserted into drive A. Works otherwise!
GFABASIC 3.6TT yes MENU.PRG does not like harddisks. Use diskimages for compiling.
ST Basic yes  
Orcs Resource editor yes  
Graphics
Mgif yes  
Neochrome yes rasters sometimes unstable
Crackart yes Harddisk access does not work with GEMDOS emulation - fine with disk images
Speed Of Light yes  
Sound
SidSound Designer yes  
MusicMon 2 yes  
Protracker yes  
Accompanist
(Henry Cosh Sequencer)
yes Program works, but couldn't get Hatari midi output to work
Sequencer One yes Program and sample sounds work, but couldn't get Hatari midi output to work
Cubase Lite yes Program works, but couldn't get Hatari midi output to work
Text Editors
Tempus yes  
Qed editor yes  
Everest editor yes  
Business applications
Opus spreadsheet yes  
SBase database yes  
Communications
CAB browser yes  
Kivi QWK Reader yes  
Desktops
Teradesk desktop yes  
Thing desktop yes  
Others
ST-Guide yes  
Sagrotan viruskiller yes  

STE games

First are some STE games that do work with the STE features in Hatari. Most of these games work only on STE, but here are also some games which work (or have a version that works) also on ST, i.e. they are just STE enhanced. These are marked with '*'.

tested STE games
Title Working Sound Comment
Alien Blast yes    
Astrodia* yes   Blitter support doesn't work with EmuTOS, only real STE TOS
Battletris+ yes    
Blat! yes    
Bombaman yes    
Breakdance yes   THE ultimate scene game
ChuChu Rocket yes   needs to be run from disk image
Dynabusters+ yes    
H.E.R.O. 2 yes   Requires 4MB RAM
Manga Puzzle yes    
Penta* yes   Blitter, DMA audio and STE fadings do work properly
No Limit II yes    
Obsession yes   opens top & bottom border, but part from the right is not visible on screen
Operation Garfield yes    
Pacman on E yes    
Power Up* yes   Problems with music, but DMA sound effects work
Roger partially   Blitter timings inaccurate - game is too fast, needs to be run from disk image
Skulls yes   part from the right border is not visible on screen
Starball* yes    
Stardust yes    
Stupid Balloon game yes    
Substation yes    
TomTar yes    
Utopos partially   screen corrupted
Ultimate Arena yes    
Wolfenstein 3D* yes   STE DMA sound does work
Zool partially   screen corrupted, scrolling fails

STE demos

Some tested STE demos and intros

tested STE demos
Title Working Sound Comment
Aggression: Braindamage yes   Colors in the last 2 screens don't look right
Armada: Armada is Dead yes   bottom border broken
DHS: Tyranny & Massacre yes    
GGN: Alive yes    
Ice: Extacy yes    
Imagina: 1992 X-mas demo yes   flickers without frameskip
MJJ-Prod: 1st Step yes    
New Core: Beyond Deadline yes    
Omega: Grotesque yes    
Paradox: X-mas 1994 demo yes    
Reservoir Gods: Mind Rewind yes   opens all borders
Reservoir Gods: Grimey yes    
Syntax: Reanimation yes    
MJJ-Prod: Tribute To Rainbow Tos partially   screen corrupted, Blittermania does not work but the code does not crash nor lockup
Armada: RGBRuler demo partially   doesn't look right
New Core: Core Flakes partially   doesn't look right
Percy of Light: VGA slideshow partially   doesn't look right

STE applications

Finally some tested STE applications

tested STE applications
Title Working Sound Comment
Octalyzer yes   part from the right is not visible on screen
Protracker STE yes   garbage at screen bottom, 50KHz replay duff


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Matthias Arndt August 31 2005